Possible Caldarium at the Xemxija Roman Baths

Closer view of a neighbouring chamber, possibly the hot room, at the Xemxija Roman Baths in Malta.

This image presents a closer view of one of the adjoining chambers within the Xemxija Roman Baths near St. Paul’s Bay, Malta. Based on its enclosed structure and layout, the room may have functioned as the caldarium, or hot bathing area, which was a central feature of Roman bath complexes. In such rooms, heated air circulated beneath the floor through a hypocaust system, maintaining high temperatures for bathing. Although only structural remains survive today, the space reflects the organized and temperature-segmented design typical of Roman bathing culture during the 1st–2nd century AD.